{"id":1098,"date":"2023-10-02T18:04:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T18:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/?p=1098"},"modified":"2024-05-06T06:19:47","modified_gmt":"2024-05-06T06:19:47","slug":"nhung-tac-pham-van-hoc-cua-chu-tich-ho-chi-minh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/nhung-tac-pham-van-hoc-cua-chu-tich-ho-chi-minh\/","title":{"rendered":"NH\u1eeeNG T\u00c1C PH\u1ea8M V\u0102N H\u1eccC C\u1ee6A CH\u1ee6 T\u1ecaCH H\u1ed2 CH\u00cd MINH"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u2013 v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, khai sinh ra Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u hy sinh cho \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, cho h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO vinh danh l\u00e0 anh h\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 l\u1edbn. Trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 di s\u1ea3n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, tinh th\u1ea7n m\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng, g\u1eafn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 5 di s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia: g\u1ed3m \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng K\u00e1ch m\u1ec7nh, Ng\u1ee5c trung nh\u1eadt k\u00fd (Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd trong t\u00f9), L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n Di ch\u00fac. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ecf r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta m\u00e3i m\u00e3i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi B\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng K\u00e1ch m\u1ec7nh\u201d<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    B\u00eca s\u00e1ch \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng K\u00e1ch M\u1ec7nh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 9 th\u1eadp k\u1ec9, n\u0103m 1927, “\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng K\u00e1ch m\u1ec7nh” – cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ee9a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1925-1927 \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Ch\u00e2u (Trung Qu\u1ed1c), l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c, v\u1ea1ch ra m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 20-30 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng giai c\u1ea5p, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch b\u1edfi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng K\u00e1ch m\u1ec7nh\u201d v\u1eeba l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 – nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam,v\u1eeba l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c \u2013L\u00eanin v\u00e0o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn cho s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u2013 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00eau r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh th\u00ec m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, m\u1edbi l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. “\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng K\u00e1ch m\u1ec7nh” c\u0169ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n “c\u1ea9m nang” g\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a “\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng K\u00e1ch m\u1ec7nh”, nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f9ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam; ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, l\u00e0m n\u00ean th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m 1945, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u00e3 94 n\u0103m tr\u00f4i qua, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n … trong “\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng K\u00e1ch m\u1ec7nh” v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u00ednh th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n nay, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n \u0110\u1ea3ng theo tinh th\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 XIII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cNh\u1eadt k\u00fd trong t\u00f9\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"
    H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u1eadp th\u01a1 Nh\u1eadt K\u00fd Trong T\u00f9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd trong t\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp th\u01a1, 135 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n. Th\u00e1ng 8-1942, v\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u00d0\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u00d0\u1ed3ng minh v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1i b\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 t\u1eeb Cao B\u1eb1ng sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft giam v\u00f4 c\u1edb, sau \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 lao thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 25-8-1942 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 19-9-1943.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t t\u1eadp th\u01a1 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00fd ch\u00ed ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho t\u1ef1 do. D\u00f9 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau, song b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec1u cung b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n dung v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng cao \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 do cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00f9i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian c\u00e0ng xa, ta c\u00e0ng th\u00eam nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u00e2u l\u1eafng t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m th\u01a1 v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, trong Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd trong t\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01a1, c\u00f3 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n thi nh\u00e2n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y \u1eafp nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n, b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i \u0111i kh\u1eafp 13 huy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 30 nh\u00e0 giam c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y (Trung Qu\u1ed1c). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i\u00a0K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/em>\u00a0cu\u1ed1i t\u1eadp th\u01a1: \u201cNg\u1ee5c trung nh\u1eadt k\u00fd t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y d\u1ee9t\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i 13 th\u00e1ng t\u00f9 \u0111\u00e0y. C\u00f2n t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n th\u01a1, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh, phong c\u00e1ch th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e3i ng\u00e2n vang trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta, trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi- h\u00f4m nay, mai sau v\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi, mu\u00f4n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cL\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"
    L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    “H\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c! Ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00e0ng nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u00e0ng l\u1ea5n t\u1edbi, v\u00ec ch\u00fang quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa! Kh\u00f4ng! Ch\u00fang ta th\u00e0 hy sinh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, ch\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7…”, s\u00e1ng 20-12-1946, l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh vang l\u00ean tr\u00ean s\u00f3ng \u0110\u00e0i TNVN kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi mi\u1ec1n T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    B\u00e0i hi\u1ec7u tri\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, d\u00e0i v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n 19 d\u00f2ng v\u1edbi 199 t\u1eeb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng V\u1ea1n Ph\u00fac, H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng (nay thu\u1ed9c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i), \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a non s\u00f4ng, th\u00f4i th\u00fac c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c chung s\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng v\u00f9ng d\u1eady quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn, quy\u1ebft th\u1eafng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh lu\u00f4n coi \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u00f9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ta nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i huy \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ra \u0111\u1eddi trong th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u201cL\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\u201d c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed qu\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. H\u01a1n 7 th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 tr\u00f4i qua, l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n thi\u00ean c\u1ed5 h\u00f9ng v\u0103n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u00f9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a “L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn” v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 kim ch\u1ec9 nam cho m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o k\u1ec1 vai s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh, chung s\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00fd b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cDi ch\u00fac\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed trong \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t\u201d l\u00fac Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n \u201cm\u1ea5y l\u1eddi\u201d v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u00e0nh k\u00ednh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Di ch\u00fac. Th\u1eddi gian v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng tr\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef chan ch\u1ee9a y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp th\u00eam s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng di nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Di ch\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5p b\u00fat t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5-1965 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 5-1969, nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm trong 4 n\u0103m tr\u1eddi, ch\u1eaft l\u1ecdc t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, b\u1ea3n Di ch\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd m\u1ed9c m\u1ea1c, gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng s\u00fac t\u00edch, Di ch\u00fac tuy ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    B\u1ea3o v\u1eadt Qu\u1ed1c gia cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft tinh tinh th\u1ea7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n cao \u0111\u1eb9p su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u hi sinh v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec d\u00e2n; v\u1ea1ch ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng mang t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i; l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u0103n d\u1eb7n thi\u1ebft tha; l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u00f4i th\u00fac to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi ch\u0103m lo cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean B\u00e1c nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi trong Di ch\u00fac l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Trong Di ch\u00fac, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t th\u1ea3y m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1eeb “b\u00e0 con lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, thanh ni\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c”. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0103n d\u1eb7n \u0110\u1ea3ng “ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, nh\u1eb1m kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n”…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 1.000 t\u1eeb v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, Di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n cho to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ta \u00fd ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1, ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam; s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd “Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec qu\u00fd h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do”; s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u00e3 h\u01a1n n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u00f4i qua, nh\u01b0ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 Di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, soi r\u1ecdi, d\u1eabn d\u1eaft to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n lu\u00f4n ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng; k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hy sinh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u2013 v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, khai sinh ra Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u hy sinh cho \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, cho h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO vinh danh l\u00e0 anh h\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 l\u1edbn. Trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 di s\u1ea3n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, tinh th\u1ea7n m\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng, g\u1eafn v\u1edbi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":404,"featured_media":1099,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1098","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-khong-gian-van-hoa-ho-chi-minh"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1098","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/404"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1098"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1098\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1106,"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1098\/revisions\/1106"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1099"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1098"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1098"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hoasen.edu.vn\/dvhsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1098"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}